MUNICH — Europe must be able to strike back in cyberspace, as the strategy to deter adversaries is no longer enough, the EU executive’s tech and security chief told POLITICO.

“It’s not enough that we are just defending … We also have to have offensive capacity,” the European Commission’s Executive Vice President Henna Virkkunen said in an interview on the sidelines of the Munich Security Conference on Friday.

For years, European capitals have held back from stating publicly that they support offensive cyber operations — known as “hacking back” — because of fears that such operations could trigger retaliation and escalation from countries like Russia, China and others.

But the tide is turning, as EU states including Germany, Latvia and others warm to the idea of conducting offensive cyber operations. The European Commission also mentioned the need for both defensive and offensive cyber capabilities in its defense white paper in December.

Virkkunen said the Commission is also identifying critical areas and industries where Europe wants more control over its data. It is part of a broader push to reduce dependence on foreign technology and build a homegrown tech and cyber industry in Europe.

“We don’t want to have risky dependencies in any critical fields,” she said. “That doesn’t mean we plan to do everything on our own. When we don’t have certain capacities ourselves, we are very willing to work with like-minded partners to build resilient supply chains.”